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The intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) with psychological sciences is an expanding frontier. As AI systems become more advanced, their application in understanding complex human emotions and behaviors is drawing increased attention. A recent landmark study from Max Stern Yezreel Valley College and Imperial College London delves into this, exploring the “mentalization” capabilities of ChatGPT, an increasingly popular AI model. A report of the research was published in Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2023.
Mentalization refers to the capability to understand and interpret one’s own and others’ mental states, encompassing emotions, intentions, and thoughts. In the realm of psychology and therapy, it’s a pivotal skill set that allows professionals to deeply understand and connect with individuals, particularly those with distinct personality disorders.
In their study, Hadar-Shoval and colleagues focused on two specific personality disorders: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Schizoid Personality Disorder (SPD). These disorders offer contrasting emotional landscapes. BPD individuals typically exhibit turbulent and intense emotions, while those with SPD are characterized by a more detached emotional demeanor.
Using the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS), the researchers assessed ChatGPT’s ability to ‘mentalize’ or understand emotional responses. Presented with scenarios involving individuals with BPD or SPD, the model’s responses were measured and analyzed.
ChatGPT described the emotional experiences of individuals with BPD as significantly more intense and layered than those with SPD. This suggests that the model can discern and generate responses that align with varied psychopathologies, reflecting a nuanced emotional understanding.
While these findings underscore the potential of AI models like ChatGPT in psychological understanding, the study also raises vital concerns. The possibility of AI responses reinforcing societal stigmas related to mental health diagnoses is a significant issue. Ensuring that AI tools are ethically programmed and used, devoid of inherent biases, is crucial.
The research by Hadar-Shoval et al. offers a glimpse into the future of AI in the psychological sciences. ChatGPT’s ability to understand and differentiate between distinct emotional states tied to specific personality disorders is promising. However, as with all technology, its application must be approached with care, ensuring ethical use and the avoidance of unintentional biases. As the integration of AI into various B2B sectors progresses, understanding and addressing these challenges will be pivotal.
Hadar-Shoval, D., Elyoseph, Z., & Lvovsky, M. (2023). The plasticity of ChatGPT’s mentalizing abilities: personalization for personality structures. Department of Psychology and Educational Counseling, The Center for Psychobiological Research, Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel, Israel; Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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