Research has shown that the use of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot "Chat GPT" can weaken human – 매일경제
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Research has shown that the use of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot “Chat GPT” can weaken human thinking ability.
An international joint research team including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the U.S., McGill University in Canada, and the University of Montreal in Canada has published a study showing that the writing process using AI can accumulate “cognitive debt” in humans.
The study was conducted by having participants write essays on philosophical topics and measuring EEG to compare brain activity according to different information approaches. Participants in the experiment were divided into three groups. The first is a group written with only one’s own memory and knowledge, the second is a group using web search, and the third is a group that can use ChatGPT.
As a result of the study, the group using ChatGPTT showed the weakest functional network of the brain, and the brain’s resilience was low even after work. On the other hand, the group written directly without external help showed the strongest and most distributed brain network. The group using the search engine was at the intermediate level between the two groups. “AI tools are a form of delegating the burden of accidents to the outside world,” the researchers said in a paper. “If it is used repeatedly, internal accident resources themselves can deteriorate.”
This study is considered one of the cases that experimentally revealed how AI tools affect human cognitive structures. The paper says that the use of AI tools, especially in education and in the workplace, can lead to ‘outsourcing of thinking power’ and can have serious effects from a long-term perspective.
However, the limitations of this study are also clear. Only 63 participants participated in the experiment, and EEG analysis using EEG not only limits the precise analysis of the entire brain, but also has not yet been peer-reviewed. The experimental method was also limited to writing essays. However, it can be interpreted as an initial signal that frequent use of AI tools can negatively affect learning ability or thinking process. “It is one of the first studies to measure and analyze the interaction between large language models (LLM) and the human brain at the neurophysiological level,” the researchers said. “It shows that the human brain consumes less resources and tends to ‘externalize’ thinking when using AI tools, but at the same time implies the possibility of degenerating intrinsic thinking ability.”
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